Vrinda Bhagat

Designing for how teams think and work

Category: Digital Transformation

  • Reimagining a $1.1B Public Service From the Inside Out

    Client: Government of Alberta
    Program: Persons with Developmental Disabilities (PDD)
    Role: Service Designer
    Timeline: June 2023 – November 2024
    Program Scale: $1.1B annual funding | ~13,000 Albertans

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    Caseworkers meeting clients at coffee shops and public spaces, pen and paper in hand — no way to share a form on a screen, no branching logic, the same information collected over and over because the system wasn’t built to remember.

    THE PROBLEM

    The Question Nobody Could Agree On

    That was the reality behind Alberta’s $1.1B PDD program, a service supporting roughly 13,000 people. It wasn’t broken in any dramatic sense — it was doing its job, at real cost to the people running it and the people who needed it most. Early on, a policy question stopped the room cold: should every applicant get the full Assessment of Needs, or should the process screen people out earlier to protect stretched caseworker capacity? Leadership was genuinely split — not posturing, a real disagreement about what the program owed people. It wasn’t a UX debate. It was a values question with real operational consequences, and no wireframe was going to resolve it.

    THE APPROACH

    Building the Mirror

    Service design, done right, doesn’t stop at the end user — it looks at the whole ecosystem, including the people delivering the service. So instead of jumping to a fix, I built a service blueprint mapping the program end-to-end: every touchpoint, every handoff, every place a policy created a downstream problem. It wasn’t a pretty document. It was a mirror — and what it reflected back to leadership was often uncomfortable: processes nobody had questioned, gaps everyone had quietly normalized. That blueprint became the foundation for every conversation after it. When we got to redesigning the Assessment of Needs form itself, we didn’t validate a prototype with caseworkers — we went to them first, to co-create the logic and flow before a form even existed. They carried the edge cases and exceptions no policy document captured. Because they helped build it, they were invested in it — and that matters more than most teams realize.

    THE TURNING POINT

    Five Days, One Real Question

    The clearest turning point was a five-day MVP planning workshop, run across three phases — discovery with caseworkers, planning with the delivery team, alignment with leadership. We came in with a question, not an answer: what problem were we actually solving, and for whom? What came out the other side was alignment — a shared, committed scope, with clear lines around what was in, what was out, and why.

    THE OUTCOME

    What Changed

    The MVP launched within eighteen months. Two foundational tools — a digital, branching Assessment of Needs, and CIMS, a case management system built around how caseworkers actually work — replaced two fragmented legacy systems. The roadmap stopped being a wish list and became a plan.

    WHAT I’D DO AGAIN

    Clarity, Not Speed

    What I’d do differently: co-create earlier, and hold the line on discovery even harder. The builder is rarely the user — skip that step, and you don’t just build the wrong thing, you build it with confidence. Transformation isn’t a technology problem. It’s a clarity problem. That’s exactly what service design, done well, is built to create.


    Facilitated 12+ workshops | Engaged 15+ frontline caseworkers | MVP delivered within 18 months

  • Driving Culture and Delivery Change Across a Global Assessment Product Line

    Organization: Multi-Health Systems (MHS) 

    Role: Project Manager → Program Manager 

    Tenure: ~5 years 

    Scope: End-to-end product modernization across psychometric assessment and digital platform initiatives

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    There were six of us in the PMO. At some point, we realized we were all writing down the same things — different projects, different products, but the same friction, in the same phases, every time. Nobody was failing. The system was.


    THE PROBLEM

    Nobody Was Failing. The System Was.

    MHS builds psychometric assessments — clinical, educational, talent, and public safety tools — some of which take years to develop before a technology team even sees them. Product and R&D teams worked in a thorough, sequential way; technology teams were moving toward an agile approach.

    Both approaches made sense on their own. The problem was the seam between them. Technology teams would open a requirements document representing months of upstream work and immediately raise concerns — not just about feasibility, but about how the product would appear on the platform and whether existing platform specifications could support something new. The right questions, arriving far too late to answer cheaply.

    There was a trust dimension too: the investment teams had made in their products ran deep, and that investment sometimes made it hard to step back and let other functions do their part.


    THE APPROACH

    Drawing the System Nobody Could See

    Nobody gave me a mandate to fix this — my job was to manage projects. But sitting across every phase and handoff meant I could see the whole picture. So I built a journey map of the entire product launch lifecycle on a shared whiteboard — not a process document, but a picture of where decisions happened, where handoffs occurred, and where things consistently got stuck.

    I brought the heads of product, design, development, testing, and customer experience together to walk through it. They recognized the patterns immediately. What didn’t happen at that first meeting was a decision. Agreeing on the diagnosis and agreeing on what to change turned out to be two different conversations, and I had to keep pushing for the second one.

    What finally moved things wasn’t me — it was revenue. Delayed launches meant demand we couldn’t meet, and that made the cost of the old way impossible to ignore. One idea guided how I worked throughout: invest heavily in getting the first piece right, and the rest becomes repeatable. What feels like slowing down at the start is how we speed up at the end.


    THE TURNING POINT

    Two Columns on a Whiteboard

    The clearest shift came from a quarterly workshop I ran with product and technology together: one column for what we committed to that quarter, and one for what we delivered. It sounds simple, but it created something that hadn’t existed before — a shared, visual record we could use to calculate the rate at which commitments were being met, and trace exactly why things slipped when they did.


    THE OUTCOME

    What Changed

    Launch timelines dropped from over 24 months to under 18. Teams stopped trying to ship everything at once, using MoSCoW prioritization to separate what customers needed on day one from what could follow. Technology teams started getting consulted during product development, not after — a habit, not a mandate.


    WHAT I’D DO AGAIN

    Choosing to See It

    What made this possible was ecosystem-level thinking — holding the whole system in view instead of just the part in front of me. I’m not sure I changed the culture at MHS. What I did was make the friction visible. Once people could see it, they could act on it.


    5+ products | ~9 functional groups | Launch cycle reduced from 24 to less than 18 months

  • Case Story: Driving Culture and Delivery Change Across a Global Assessment Product Line

    Organization: Multi-Health Systems (MHS) 

    Role: Project Manager → Program Manager 

    Tenure: ~5 years 

    Scope: End-to-end product modernization across psychometric assessment and digital platform initiatives

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    Products I worked on during this period Conners 4 (ADHD assessment), Multi-rater Conners 4, EQ-i 2.0 (emotional intelligence assessment), ASRS (Autism Spectrum Rating Scale, adult version), WordPress/LMS platform.


    There were six of us in the PMO. And at some point, we realized we were all writing down the same things.

    Different projects, different products, different teams — but the same friction points showing up in the same phases, in the same order, every time. Technology teams receiving requirements documents representing months of upstream work, and immediately raising concerns that should have been surfaced six months earlier. Feedback cycles that weren’t planned for landing in the middle of an already-tight delivery schedule. Launch dates slipping not because anyone dropped the ball, but because the sequence wasn’t working in a way that could support the collaboration the work required.

    Nobody was failing. The system was.

    That observation — one that had been accumulating across six people doing the same job — was the beginning of a question I spent the next several years trying to answer: if everyone is working hard and things are still getting stuck, what exactly are we fixing?


    An Organization Caught Between Two Ways of Working

    MHS develops psychometric assessments and related digital products used by organizations and practitioners worldwide. The products themselves are scientifically rigorous — some taking up to five years to build before technology teams even touch them — and the stakes of getting them right are high. These are clinical, educational, talent, and public safety tools.

    By the time I joined, the organization was navigating a real tension. Product and R&D teams had long-established ways of working — thorough, sequential, expert-driven. Technology teams were moving toward agile delivery. Both approaches made sense within their own context. The problem was the seam between them.

    My role spanned both. As a project manager embedded across delivery teams and then as a program manager with broader visibility across multiple initiatives, I sat at the intersection of these two operating models. I could see the whole lifecycle in a way that most people, working within their own function, couldn’t.


    Everyone Was Working Hard. Things Were Still Getting Stuck.

    On the surface, the symptoms looked like execution problems. Timelines extending. Requirements changing late. Too many rounds of review before anything got signed off.

    But the more time I spent in daily standups, retrospectives, and planning sessions — across teams, not just within one — the clearer it became that the root cause was somewhere upstream of execution.

    Decisions were being made in sequence that needed to be made together.

    Product and R&D teams would spend months building the science and structure of an assessment. When that work arrived at the technology team’s door, the questions weren’t simply about technical feasibility — they were about how the product would appear on the platform and whether a platform with its own ongoing specifications could support something new. Designers would create partial mockups of reports — not the full output, just enough to test how the assessment results would look when rendered — to make sure the product reflected the science behind it as intended for the user. These were the right conversations to be having. The problem was that they were happening far too late. Rework that hadn’t been scoped into any project plan would quietly be added to the schedule.

    There was a trust dimension to this too. Because the product had been built with such care, there was a tendency for product leads and even senior leadership to remain involved well past the point where their involvement was needed. I saw this most visibly in testing — UAT sessions where the intent was for the product team to spot-check a handful of cases, but in practice multiple layers of leadership were running full test cycles alongside the QA team. The QA team had done their job. The culture of trusting that process hadn’t fully taken hold yet.

    What made this hard to name was that it didn’t come from bad intentions. The product team wasn’t overreaching out of distrust — they were invested. They cared deeply about what they were building. That ownership was one of the organization’s strengths. The challenge was finding a way to honor that investment without letting it slow everything down.

    Nobody gave me the mandate to fix any of this. My job was to manage projects. But because I could see the full picture — every phase, every handoff, every dependency — I decided to try.


    Drawing the System Nobody Could See

    The first thing I did was make the problem visible.

    I built a journey map of the end-to-end product launch lifecycle — from the initial business case through R&D, product development, technology build, testing, marketing, training, and launch — using a shared whiteboard. Not a process document. A visual representation of how work actually moved, including where decisions happened, where handoffs occurred, and where things consistently got stuck.

    The goal wasn’t to show who was responsible for what. It was to surface whether the bottlenecks were capability problems or decision-making problems. Because those require completely different responses.

    I brought the heads of product, design, software development, testing, and customer experience together to walk through it. The reaction was immediate — they could see exactly where things were getting stuck. They recognized the patterns. One immediate benefit: business and customer priorities that had previously been hard to act on became easier to recognize and sequence. With the full lifecycle visible, the team could see the effort required at each stage and make more realistic commitments to clients.

    What didn’t happen was decisions. Not in that first meeting.

    People could agree on the diagnosis. The question of what to change — and who would own those changes — required a different kind of conversation. I had to push for a follow-up. And then push again. The distance between “yes, we see the problem” and “here’s what we’re committing to” was its own project.

    The resistance came mostly from the product side — understandably. These teams had built their practices over the years. The waterfall approach wasn’t arbitrary; it reflected the reality that for a psychometric assessment, you can’t prototype the science. There are steps that must occur in sequence. The question wasn’t whether to change the fundamentals of how assessments were built — it was whether we could change how the rest of the organization engaged with that work while it was happening, rather than waiting for it to finish.

    What eventually moved the conversation wasn’t me. It was revenue. Delayed launches meant we couldn’t meet customer demand. That made the business impact impossible to ignore — and the willingness to change followed.


    The Workshop That Made Ownership Visible

    The clearest turning point came out of a quarterly scope-building workshop I facilitated.

    The format was simple: a whiteboard, two columns. The left — what we’re committing to this quarter. The right — what we delivered within that timeframe. Product and technology teams in the same room, building the plan together.

    For what sounds like a straightforward exercise, it produced something that hadn’t existed before: a shared, visual record of what we said we’d do and what we did. We could calculate the rate at which commitments were being met — and we could trace why things slipped into the next quarter when they did.

    This did two things at once. It made ownership explicit in a way that was collaborative rather than accusatory — the plan was built jointly, so the accountability was joint. And it gave us data to have better conversations. When a task moved quarters, we could ask: was it a dependency we didn’t see? A decision that came too late? Scope that expanded mid-phase? The answer wasn’t always comfortable, but it was always useful.

    Over time, I came to think of this as the first component principle — not a formal methodology, just something I kept observing. If I invested heavily in getting the first component of a product right — not rushing it, building it thoroughly, testing it carefully — the rest became repeatable. The process became error-free. The team moved faster on everything that followed because we’d already solved the hardest problems once. What felt like slowing down at the start was how we sped up at the end.


    Building the Habit of Looking Back

    Retrospectives existed before I got there. What I tried to do was make them more purposeful — structured as concentric circles.

    At the team level, sprint retrospectives were a regular heartbeat. At the phase level, when a major milestone was reached, I facilitated a session with managers to examine what had worked and what needed to change before the next phase began. At the project close — these were 12-to-18-month projects, so people genuinely needed help remembering where they’d started — I brought in senior leadership for a full retrospective that traced the arc from start to finish.

    That last one mattered more than it might seem. Long projects have a way of making everyone feel like they’re always behind, always catching up. Taking time to name what had shifted — not just what still needed to be done — changed how people felt about the work and about each other.

    My facilitation approach throughout was rooted in root cause analysis — not as a formal audit, but as a mindset. It’s easy for a team to say things aren’t going well. The harder and more important work is identifying why — tracing the symptom back to its structural source so you’re solving the right problem, not just managing its effects. I tried to create the conditions for that conversation to happen — not personal, but for the team. The goal was always to move from “what’s wrong” to “what’s actually driving this, and what do we do about it?”


    Where the Change Showed Up

    The changes weren’t tied to a single initiative — they accumulated across multiple products and projects over several years.

    Launch timelines reduced from more than 24 months to less than 18 months on average. The commitment-to-delivery metric I’d introduced through the scope workshops gave teams a concrete way to track and discuss slippage without it becoming a blame conversation. Cross-functional ownership became clearer — with more explicit phase-gate expectations and earlier engagement from technology teams during product development.

    The MVP framework that emerged from the MoSCoW prioritization work meant we stopped trying to launch everything at once. Features that were genuinely valuable but not required for the day-one customer experience were moved to a post-launch roadmap. That shift alone reduced the pressure that had been causing scope to expand unchecked.

    The culture change — and the line between process change and culture change is genuinely blurry — showed up most clearly in two places. First, who was speaking in retrospectives. Team members who had previously taken direction were coming back with their own ideas about what needed to change. The room felt different. Second, in how decisions were made. Technology teams were being consulted during product development, not after. That wasn’t a structural mandate — it was a habit that took root because people had seen what happened when it didn’t.


    What I Carry Forward

    There’s something I keep coming back to from this experience — the difference between being handed a problem and choosing to see one.

    Nobody gave me a culture change mandate. I was a project manager. My job was to deliver projects on time. But what made this work possible was something I’d describe as ecosystem-level thinking — the ability to hold the entire system in view, not just the part immediately in front of me. The PM role, precisely because it sits at every phase, every handoff, every dependency, creates that vantage point. The question is whether I use it.

    This kind of work is difficult to point to. There’s no artifact to screenshot, no screen to show in a portfolio. It shows up in how teams talk to each other, how decisions are made earlier, and whether people feel trusted to do their jobs. It’s the category of change that’s hard to measure in metrics alone — and yet it’s often what determines whether everything else works. In many ways, the success metric isn’t what you can see — it’s the friction that’s gone.

    What I’ve carried forward is the conviction that process changes are often culture changes in disguise. When I changed when a team got involved in a decision, I wasn’t just changing a sequence of tasks — I was changing how much that team was trusted. When I built a retrospective structure where people felt heard rather than evaluated, I wasn’t just running a meeting — I was building a norm.

    Looking back, I’m not sure I changed the culture at MHS. What I did was make it visible — the friction, the gaps, the decision points where things were getting stuck. And once people could see it, they could act on it.

    That’s the space where facilitation, consulting, and systems thinking meet. And it’s where I do some of my most meaningful work.


    5+ products | ~9 functional groups | Launch cycle reduced from 24 to less than 18 months

  • Case Story: Reimagining a $1.1B Public Service From the Inside Out

    Client: Government of Alberta 

    Program: Persons with Developmental Disabilities (PDD) 

    Role: Service Designer

    Timeline: June 2023 – November 2024 

    Program Scale: $1.1B annual funding | ~13,000 Albertans


    Understanding the ecosystem

    Before I could redesign anything, I had to understand what I was dealing with.

    What I found was a service that had grown, layer by layer, over decades — held together by age-old forms, manual data entry, and caseworkers meeting clients at coffee shops and public spaces because there was no other option.

    Caseworkers conducting assessments in person, pen and paper in hand, no way to share a form on a screen, no branching logic to skip irrelevant questions — just the same information, collected over and over, because the system wasn’t built to remember.

    This was the PDD program — a $1.1B annual initiative supporting approximately 13,000 Albertans with developmental disabilities. It wasn’t broken in the dramatic sense. It was doing its job. But it was doing so in a way that put enormous pressure on the people running it and made it even harder for those who needed it most.

    My job was to help change that — not by digitizing what already existed, but by understanding why it existed.

    Before I dive into the project, it’s worth naming something that shaped my approach to it.

    Service design doesn’t stop at the end user. It looks at the whole ecosystem — including the people delivering the service. In this project, those people were the caseworkers — and they weren’t a support function sitting behind the scenes. They were part of creating the experience itself.

    A caseworker’s broken tools aren’t an isolated problem — they show up downstream, in the experience of the person on the other end of that interaction. And when that experience improves, the experience changes for the citizen, too, even if they never see why.

    This is the distinction I keep coming back to. UX design optimizes what someone sees on a screen. Service design looks at the entire landscape — every touchpoint, frontstage and backstage — because they’re connected, whether we design for that connection or not. And for a public service like this one, that connection matters beyond the program itself: trust in government is built, or worn down, by whether services work for the people who depend on them.


    The Question Nobody Could Agree On

    Early in the project, a policy tension surfaced that stopped the room.

    By policy, every person applying for PDD support was entitled to a full Assessment of Needs — a deep, structured questionnaire designed to understand what kind of support they required. The problem? That assessment was adding significant load to already stretched caseworkers.

    Leadership was split. One side argued for a more efficient eligibility filter — screen people out early before committing to a full assessment. The other side held firm: every person deserved the full assessment, regardless.

    This wasn’t a UX debate. It was a values question with real operational consequences — and it couldn’t be resolved with a wireframe. What it needed was clarity about what the policy was actually trying to achieve, who it was designed to protect, and what the downstream impact of each path would look like.

    That’s what service design is for.


    Artifacts Before Answers

    The pressure to move fast was real. The technology team wanted to get building — understandably. But I pushed back — and the service design team held that line. Not to slow things down, but to make sure what was built solved the right problem.

    I’ve learned — sometimes the hard way — that jumping to solutions before a team has a shared understanding of the problem is one of the most expensive mistakes you can make in a transformation project.

    The first thing I built was a service blueprint that mapped the PDD service end-to-end: every touchpoint, every system dependency, every place where a caseworker had to leave one tool and pick up another, every spot where a policy created a downstream operational problem.

    It wasn’t a pretty document. It was a mirror — and what it reflected back to leadership, business teams, and the delivery team was often uncomfortable. Processes that had never been questioned. Gaps that had been normalized. Duplication that everyone assumed someone else was responsible for.

    That blueprint became the foundation for every conversation that followed.


    Co-Designing With the People Who Know

    The Assessment of Needs redesign was where things got concrete.

    The form was a product of its time — fixed, linear, no conditional logic, no way to skip irrelevant sections. Caseworkers were manually re-entering data that had already been collected elsewhere. And until recently, a digital option didn’t exist — the whole thing happened on paper, in person.

    Rather than redesigning it ourselves, we went to the caseworkers — not to validate a prototype, but to co-create the logic, flow, and even contents of the form — before we even had one. We needed to understand how they thought about the questions, what sequence made sense, where the current form created confusion or unnecessary repetition, and what data fields were non-negotiable, the ones that couldn’t be skipped no matter what.

    This was never just about good practice — it was the only way to get it right. Caseworkers carry the realities of this service in their heads — the edge cases, the exceptions, the human complexity that no policy document captures. They were the experts. We were there to structure what they already knew.

    And because they helped build it, they were invested in it. That matters more than most teams realize when it comes to adoption.


    Five Days That Changed the Direction

    One of the clearest turning points was a five-day MVP planning workshop — a structured process designed to build shared understanding before anyone locked in scope.

    We came in with a question rather than an answer: What problem are we actually solving, and for whom?

    The work was carried out in three distinct phases. First, discovery workshops with business units and caseworkers — building a shared understanding of the service landscape, the pain points, and the gaps. Then, a five-day MVP planning workshop with the product and delivery team — working through the problem space, mapping dependencies, and separating foundational requirements from future enhancements. Finally, alignment workshops with executive leadership — confirming policy decisions before the build effort was committed.

    By the end, we had something more valuable than a backlog. We had alignment — a shared reason for building what we were building, a tight scope everyone had committed to, and a clear picture of what was in, what was out, and the effort each piece would take. Scope creep doesn’t happen because teams are careless — it happens because the boundaries were never made explicit.


    Eighteen Months Later

    The MVP launched within 18 months — longer than originally scoped, but grounded in what the service actually needed. Two foundational capabilities replaced two legacy systems that had become fragmented and difficult to maintain: an Assessment of Needs tool — logical, branching, digital — and CIMS, the Case Information Management System, built around how caseworkers actually work rather than how the old system assumed they did.

    That foundation changed how the team operated going forward. The roadmap stopped being a wish list and became a plan — we knew which problems to solve next, who needed to be in the room, and what realistic delivery would look like. That kind of clarity sounds obvious. At the start of this project, it didn’t exist.


    What I’d Do Again

    Co-create earlier. Hold the line on discovery even harder.

    The moments where this project worked best were the moments we slowed down enough to resist the first idea — and instead asked what the people using the service needed, how they thought about it, and what their reality looked like on the ground. The builder is rarely the user. And when you skip that step, you don’t just build the wrong thing — you build it with confidence.

    Transformation isn’t a technology problem. It’s a clarity problem. And that’s exactly what service design, done well, is built to create.


    Facilitated 12+ workshops | Engaged 15+ frontline caseworkers | MVP delivered within 18 months